01What Tulsi Vivah is
Tulsi Vivah is the ceremonial marriage of the tulsi plant to Vishnu, worshipped as the Shaligrama stone or as Krishna. It is kept in the bright half of Kartik, on the Dwadashi after Devutthana Ekadashi, the day the tradition holds that Vishnu wakes from his four months of rest. The tulsi that grows in the courtyard of a Hindu home is honoured as Vrinda, dear to Vishnu, and her wedding is the first of the season: with it Chaturmas is over and weddings begin again.
02The story told of it
The Puranas tell of Vrinda, the devoted wife of the asura Jalandhara, whose faithfulness made him impossible to defeat. To end the war he was waging on the gods, Vishnu came to Vrinda in her husband's form, her vow was broken, and Jalandhara fell in battle. When Vrinda learned what had happened she cursed Vishnu to become a stone, the Shaligrama, and gave up her life. The tradition tells that the tulsi plant grew where she had been, and that Vishnu promised to marry her in that form every year, which is why no offering to him is held complete without a tulsi leaf.
03How it is kept
The ceremony follows a Hindu wedding in small. The tulsi pot is cleaned and painted, a mandap of sugarcane is set over it, and the plant is dressed as a bride with a red chunri, bangles and sindoor. A Shaligrama or an image of Vishnu or Krishna is brought as the groom. The two are joined with a cotton thread, garlands are exchanged, the wedding verses are sung and rice is showered at the end. A couple of the household gives Tulsi away as a daughter, which families without a daughter hold especially dear. Sugarcane, amla, tamarind and sweets are shared as prasad.
04How the day is chosen
Tulsi Vivah is kept on Kartik Shukla Dwadashi, on the day Dwadashi is current at sunrise, which is usually the day after Devutthana Ekadashi. The ceremony is performed in the evening, in Pradosh kaal. Some households keep it on the evening of the Ekadashi itself, and some communities on any evening up to Kartik Purnima.
05Tulsi Vivah in other years